英文動詞三態變化總整理｜Verb Forms in English

簡介 Introduction

動詞三態總是背不起來嗎？別擔心！波羅為大家整理了常見的動詞三態變化，讓你一秒就能找到動詞的過去式與過去分詞～話不多說！馬上來看看吧！

教學影片 Video

⭐️ 什麼是「動詞三態」？

英文的「動詞三態」包含原形動詞、過去式動詞、過去分詞，用來標記不同的時間或狀態。「動詞三態」是學習英文非常重要的概念，它讓我們能夠準確地表達動作發生的時間和狀態。

✏️ 標示時間：
原形動詞：通常表示現在發生的動作。
例如：I play basketball every day. 我每天打籃球。

過去式動詞：表示過去發生的動作。
例如：She went to the movies yesterday. 她昨天去看電影。

過去分詞：表示動作已經完成，或與現在或過去的狀態有關。
例如：The book has been read by many people. 這本書已經被很多人讀過了。

✏️ 標示語態：
過去分詞常與 Be動詞結合，形成被動語態。
例如：The car was stolen. 車子被偷了。

⭐️ 動詞三態的變化規則

動詞三態的變化可以分為規則變化和不規則變化。

✏️ 規則變化：大部分的動詞都屬於規則變化，通常在動詞後面加上 -ed 或 -d 形成過去式和過去分詞。
例如：work → worked (工作)｜play → played (玩耍)。

✏️ 不規則變化：一些動詞的過去式和過去分詞變化不規則，需要特別把它們記起來。
例如：go-went-gone (去)｜see-saw-seen (看)。

常用的不規則動詞三態變化，依變化方式可分為五個群組：

1. A-A-A   三態同型
2. A-B-A   原形動詞和過去分詞相同
3. A-B-B   過去式動詞和過去分詞相同
4. A-A-B   原形動詞和過去式動詞相同
5. A-B-C   三態皆異

接下來，就讓我們正式進入主題，一起來看看這些常見的動詞三態變化吧！可以點擊以下索引標籤，快速前往想要查看的內容哦！

⭐️ 規則變化 Regular Verbs

規則變化 ＋d	規則變化 ＋ed
規則變化 去y＋ied	規則變化 重複字尾＋ed

📃 字尾＋d

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
agree	agreed	agreed	同意
arrive	arrived	arrived	抵達
bake	baked	baked	烘焙
barbecue	barbecued	barbecued	烤肉
believe	believed	believed	相信
care	cared	cared	照料
celebrate	celebrated	celebrated	慶祝
change	changed	changed	改變
close	closed	closed	關閉
decide	decided	decided	決定
die	died	died	死亡
excuse	excused	excused	原諒
exercise	exercised	exercised	運動
experience	experienced	experienced	體驗
hate	hated	hated	討厭
hear	heard	heard	聽見
hire	hired	hired	雇用
hike	hiked	hiked	健行
hope	hoped	hoped	希望
invite	invited	invited	邀請
lie	lied	lied	說謊
like	liked	liked	喜歡
line	lined	lined	沿著
live	lived	lived	居住
love	loved	loved	愛
move	moved	moved	移動
notice	noticed	noticed	注意
package	packaged	packaged	打包
please	pleased	pleased	取悅
practice	practiced	practiced	練習
prepare	prepared	prepared	準備
race	raced	raced	比賽
raise	raised	raised	提高
rule	ruled	ruled	治理
save	saved	saved	挽救
skate	skated	skated	溜冰
smile	smiled	smiled	微笑
smoke	smoked	smoked	抽菸
surprise	surprised	surprised	驚喜
taste	tasted	tasted	品嚐
tie	tied	tied	打結
type	typed	typed	打字
use	used	used	使用
welcome	welcomed	welcomed	歡迎

📃 字尾＋ed

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
answer	answered	answered	回答
appear	appeared	appeared	出現
ask	asked	asked	詢問
attack	attacked	attacked	攻擊
belong	belonged	belonged	適應
boil	boiled	boiled	煮沸
borrow	borrowed	borrowed	借入
bow	bowed	bowed	鞠躬
brush	brushed	brushed	刷
burn	burned	burned	燒毀
call	called	called	打電話
camp	camped	camped	露營
cheat	cheated	cheated	作弊
check	checked	checked	檢查
cheer	cheered	cheered	歡呼
clean	cleaned	cleaned	清潔
climb	climbed	climbed	攀爬
collect	collected	collected	收集
comb	combed	combed	梳理
correct	corrected	corrected	更正
count	counted	counted	計算
cover	covered	covered	覆蓋
cross	crossed	crossed	越過
end	ended	ended	結束
enjoy	enjoyed	enjoyed	享受
enter	entered	entered	進入
fail	failed	failed	失敗
fill	filled	filled	充滿
finish	finished	finished	完成
fix	fixed	fixed	修理
follow	followed	followed	跟隨
guess	guessed	guessed	猜測
happen	happened	happened	發生
heat	heated	heated	變熱
help	helped	helped	幫助
hunt	hunted	hunted	狩獵
interview	interviewed	interviewed	採訪
join	joined	joined	參加
jump	jumped	jumped	跳
kick	kicked	kicked	踢
kill	killed	killed	殺死
kiss	kissed	kissed	親吻
knock	knocked	knocked	敲打
land	landed	landed	著陸
laugh	laughed	laughed	大笑
learn	learned	learned	學習
listen	listened	listened	聆聽
look	looked	looked	注視
mail	mailed	mailed	郵寄
mark	marked	marked	標記
mind	minded	minded	介意
need	needed	needed	需要
open	opened	opened	打開
order	ordered	ordered	訂購
pack	packed	packed	打包
paint	painted	painted	繪畫
pass	passed	passed	通過
pick	picked	picked	挑選
plant	planted	planted	種植
play	played	played	玩耍
point	pointed	pointed	指向
pray	prayed	prayed	禱告
present	presented	presented	贈送
pull	pulled	pulled	拉
push	pushed	pushed	推
remember	remembered	remembered	記得
repeat	repeated	repeated	重複
roll	rolled	rolled	滾動
shout	shouted	shouted	喊叫
slow	slowed	slowed	減速
smell	smelled	smelled	聞
snow	snowed	snowed	下雪
sound	sounded	sounded	發聲
start	started	started	開始
stay	stayed	stayed	停留
talk	talked	talked	講話
test	tested	tested	測試
touch	touched	touched	碰觸
treat	treated	treated	對待
turn	turned	turned	轉動
visit	visited	visited	拜訪
wait	waited	waited	等待
walk	walked	walked	走路
want	wanted	wanted	想要
wash	washed	washed	清洗
watch	watched	watched	觀看
wish	wished	wished	希望
work	worked	worked	工作

📃 字尾去y＋ied

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
carry	carried	carried	攜帶
copy	copied	copied	複製
cry	cried	cried	哭泣
dry	dried	dried	烘乾
fry	fried	fried	油炸
hurry	hurried	hurried	加快
study	studied	studied	讀書
tidy	tidied	tidied	整理
try	tried	tried	嘗試
worry	worried	worried	擔心

📃 重複字尾＋ed

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
clap	clapped	clapped	拍擊
drop	dropped	dropped	落下
hop	hopped	hopped	單腳跳
hug	hugged	hugged	擁抱
jog	jogged	jogged	慢跑
kid	kidded	kidded	戲弄
mop	mopped	mopped	用拖把拖洗
nod	nodded	nodded	點頭
skip	skipped	skipped	省略
stop	stopped	stopped	停止

⭐ 不規則變化 Irregular Verbs

不規則變化 A-A-A	不規則變化 A-B-A	規則變化 A-B-B
不規則變化 A-A-B	不規則變化 A-B-C

📚 A-A-A 三態同型

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
cost	cost	cost	花費
cut	cut	cut	切割
fit	fit	fit	合適
hit	hit	hit	碰撞
hurt	hurt	hurt	受傷
let	let	let	讓
put	put	put	放置
quit	quit	quit	停止
read	read [red]	read [red]	閱讀
rid	rid	rid	使擺脫
set	set	set	設置
shut	shut	shut	關閉
spread	spread	spread	擴散
upset	upset	upset	使難過

📚 A-B-A 原形動詞和過去分詞相同

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
become	became	become	變成
come	came	come	來到
overcome	overcame	overcome	戰勝
run	ran	run	跑

📚 A-B-B 原形動詞和過去分詞相同

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
bend	bent	bent	彎曲
bring	brought	brought	攜帶
bleed	bled	bled	流血
build	built	built	建造
burn	burnt	burnt	燃燒
buy	bought	bought	購買
catch	caught	caught	捉、抓
deal	dealt	dealt	處理
dig	dug	dug	挖
dive	dove	dove	潛水
feed	fed	fed	餵
feel	felt	felt	感覺
fight	fought	fought	打架
find	found	found	找到
hang	hung	hung	懸掛
have	had	had	有
hold	held	held	抓住
keep	kept	kept	保持
lay	laid	laid	放置
lead	led	led	領導
leave	left	left	離開
lend	lent	lent	借出
light	lit	lit	點燃
lose	lost	lost	輸、迷路
make	made	made	做、製作
mean	meant	meant	意指
meet	met	met	遇見
pay	paid	paid	付費
picnic	picnicked	picnicked	野餐
say	said	said	說
seek	sought	sought	尋求
sell	sold	sold	賣
send	sent	sent	寄
shine	shone	shone	照耀
shoot	shot	shot	射擊
sit	sat	sat	坐
sleep	slept	slept	睡覺
slide	slid	slid	滑動
spend	spent	spent	花費
stand	stood	stood	起立
stick	stuck	stuck	黏
sweep	swept	swept	掃
swing	swung	swung	搖擺
teach	taught	taught	教
tell	told	told	告訴
think	thought	thought	思考
understand	understood	understood	了解
win	won	won	贏

📚 A-A-B 原形動詞和過去式動詞相同

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
beat	beat	beaten	打

📚 A-B-C 三態皆異

(1) 變其中一個字母 i-a-u

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
begin	began	begun	開始
drink	drank	drunk	喝
ring	rang	rung	搖鈴
sing	sang	sung	唱歌
sink	sank	sunk	沉沒
swim	swam	swum	游泳

(2) 詞尾變化為 ear-ore-orn

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
bear	bore	born	忍受
tear	tore	torn	撕裂
wear	wore	worn	穿

(3) 過去式以-ew 結尾；過去分詞以-wn 結尾

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
blow	blew	blown	吹
draw	drew	drawn	畫
fly	flew	flown	飛
grow	grew	grown	生長
know	knew	known	知道
throw	threw	thrown	投、擲

(4) 過去分詞以-en 結尾

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
am/is	was	been	是
are	were	been	是
bite	bit	bitten	咬
break	broke	broken	打碎
choose	chose	chosen	選擇
drive	drove	driven	駕駛
eat	ate	eaten	吃
fall	fell	fallen	掉落
forget	forgot	forgotten	忘記
forgive	forgave	forgiven	原諒
get	got	gotten	得到
give	gave	given	給
hide	hid	hidden	躲藏
ride	rode	ridden	騎乘
rise	rose	risen	升起
see	saw	seen	看到
shake	shook	shaken	搖、顫抖
speak	spoke	spoken	講話
steal	stole	stolen	偷
take	took	taken	拿
wake	woke	woken	醒來
write	wrote	written	寫

(5) 其他

原形動詞	過去式動詞	過去分詞	中文解釋
do/does	did	done	做
go	went	gone	走
show	showed	shown	展現

希望看完本篇文章，你都能清楚掌握英文動詞三態的變化囉！分享給所有想要認識動詞三態的朋友吧～